1. Introduction = 5
2. Relevant European Instruments = 9
3. Law and practice in three countries = 25
3.1 Germany = 25
3.2 Netherlands = 30
3.3 United Kingdom = 36
4. The law in seven other countries = 43
4.1 France = 43
4.2 Hungary = 46
4.3 Latvia = 49
4.4 Norway = 52
4.5 Spain = 56
4.6 Sweden = 59
4.7 Switzerland = 62
5. Conclusions and recommendations = 67
2. Relevant European Instruments = 9
3. Law and practice in three countries = 25
3.1 Germany = 25
3.2 Netherlands = 30
3.3 United Kingdom = 36
4. The law in seven other countries = 43
4.1 France = 43
4.2 Hungary = 46
4.3 Latvia = 49
4.4 Norway = 52
4.5 Spain = 56
4.6 Sweden = 59
4.7 Switzerland = 62
5. Conclusions and recommendations = 67