Glossary = vi
Introduction = 1
Amnesty International's work = 3
Chapter 1: Background = 7
Inside Russia = 7
The international context = 8
International standards = 9
Chapter 2: Torture and ill-treatment in custody = 17
Methods of torture and ill-treatment = 22
Conditions of detention = 25
At risk of torture = 27
Women = 28
Children = 30
Ethnic minorities = 33
Why torture happens = 37
No justice for the victims = 40
Chapter 3: Abuses in Chechnya = 49
Background = 51
The international community = 54
The current conflict = 56
Torture = 59
Extrajudicial executions = 63
“Disappearances” = 64
Obstacles to justice = 67
Lack of accountability = 70
Recommendations = 77
Appendix 1 . Amnesty International’s 12-Point Program for the Prevention of Torture by Agents of the State = 84
Appendix 2 . Amnesty International’s 14-Point Program for the Prevention of Extrajudicial Executions = 88
Appendix 3 . Amnesty International’s 14-Point Program for the Prevention of “Disappearances” = 92
Endnotes = 96
Introduction = 1
Amnesty International's work = 3
Chapter 1: Background = 7
Inside Russia = 7
The international context = 8
International standards = 9
Chapter 2: Torture and ill-treatment in custody = 17
Methods of torture and ill-treatment = 22
Conditions of detention = 25
At risk of torture = 27
Women = 28
Children = 30
Ethnic minorities = 33
Why torture happens = 37
No justice for the victims = 40
Chapter 3: Abuses in Chechnya = 49
Background = 51
The international community = 54
The current conflict = 56
Torture = 59
Extrajudicial executions = 63
“Disappearances” = 64
Obstacles to justice = 67
Lack of accountability = 70
Recommendations = 77
Appendix 1 . Amnesty International’s 12-Point Program for the Prevention of Torture by Agents of the State = 84
Appendix 2 . Amnesty International’s 14-Point Program for the Prevention of Extrajudicial Executions = 88
Appendix 3 . Amnesty International’s 14-Point Program for the Prevention of “Disappearances” = 92
Endnotes = 96