Ghosh, Bimal
자료유형 | 단행본 |
---|---|
개인저자 | Ghosh, Bimal. |
단체저자명 | International Organization for Migration. |
서명/저자사항 | Huddled masses and uncertain shores :insights into irregular migration:by Bimal Ghosh. |
발행사항 | The Hague;Boston :Martinus Nijhoff Publishers,1998. |
형태사항 | xv, 201p :ill. ;25cm. |
총서사항 | Refugees and human rights;2 |
ISBN | 904110531X (acid-free paper) |
일반주기 | "IOM, International Organization for Migration." |
서지주기 | Includes bibliographical references (p. [187]-193) and index. |
내용주기 | Acknowledgements viii -- List of abbreviations ix -- List of tables, boxes and figures xii -- Foreword xiv -- Preface xvi -- CHAPTER ONE-DISCERNING IRREGULAR MIGRATION: COMPLEX CONFIGURATION OF MOVEMENTS 1 -- 1.1 What is irregular migration? Definition, types and characteristics 1 -- Irregularity not an exclusive concern of the destination country 1 -- Intertwining of irregulatity: entry, stay and activity 4 -- Malicious defiance of established laws or institutional deficiency? 6 -- Links between asylum-seeking and irregular migration 7 -- 1.2 Increasing volume and changing features 9 -- Magnitude of the problem 9 -- Occupational and social characteristics of irregular migrants 18 -- 1.3 Trafficking in migration 21 -- Definition and characteristics 21 -- Trafficking in women and children 25 -- How big and lucrative is the trafficking business? 29 -- CHAPTER TWO-WHY IRREGULAR MIGRATION? CAUSES AND CONDITIONS 34 -- 2.1 Emigration pressures and opportunities for legal entries: The mismatch 34 -- 2.2 Emigration push in sending countries 35 -- Economic factors-push of poverty and search for opportunities 35 -- Political and ethnic oppression and internal violence 44 -- Growing menace of environmental degradation 47 -- 2.3 Demand pull in destination countries 51 -- 2.4 Migration regimes and interpenetration of national labour markets 55 -- 2.5 Income differentials as a factor in irregular migration 58 -- 2.6 Institutional and administrative deficiencies 62 -- 2.7 Gaps and weaknesses in migration-related information system 65 -- 2.8 Dynamics of irregular migration 69 -- 2.9 Organised trafficking and the role of transit countries 70 -- CHAPTER THREE-SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF IRREGULAR MIGRATION 73 -- 3.1 Effects on workers, employers and consumers 73 -- Irregular flows of skilled workers 77 -- Irregular immigration and the welfare system 79 -- 3.2 Effects on structural adjustment, productivity growth and competitiveness 85 -- Social costs and consequences 88 -- 3.4 Irregular migration, national sovereignty and inter-state relations 94 -- 3.5 Irregular migration as a challenge to orderly movements of people 96 -- CHAPTER FOUR-RECENT POLICY TRENDS AND PRACTICAL MEASURES: A VARIEGATED LANDSCAPE 98 -- 4.1 Trends in industrial conutries 98 -- United States of America 101 -- Western Europe 111 -- Australia and Japan 121 -- 4.2 Central and Eastern Europe 121 -- 4.3 Developing Countries 122 -- 4.4 International rules and norms 128 -- 4.5 Regional initiatives 135 -- CHAPTER FIVE-LOOKING AHEAD: A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH 146 -- 5.1 Punitive and remedial measures 147 -- Border control, employer sanctions and other punitive measures 147 -- Regularisation 150 -- Voluntary return in conditions of dignity 152 -- Expulsion and protection of basic rights 154 -- 5.2 Preventive measures: Immediate pressures and the root causes 155 -- Legal entries as relief points 155 -- Addressing the root economic causes 156 -- Political and human rights aspects of the strategy 169 -- Environmental aspects 170 -- 5.3 Use of external aid 171 -- 5.4 Legal and institutional measures 171 -- Migration legislation and structures 172 -- Migration information system 173 -- 5.5 Better management of international migration 175 -- Appendices 177 -- Bibliography 187 -- Index 194 |
일반주제명 | Illegal aliens Emigration and immigration |
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